TENSES

                                                       

1. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

 1.1 THE USE OF PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE

We use The Present Continuous Tense when we talk about something which is

happening at the time of speaking.

Example :Please don’t make so much noise. I’m studying

 1.2. THE ADVERBS OF TIME USED

The adverbs of time used in Present Continous tense are “NOW, RIGHT NOW,

TOMORROW,ETC

 1.3. THE PATTERN OF PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE 

The patterns of Present continous tense consist of : 

1.3.A. Positive Pattern 

Examples :
1. I am studying English now.
2. We are going to Jakarta tomorrow (akan)
3. You are singing now.
4. He is making a cake now.
5. she is sewing a shirt now

  

  2.  PAST TENSE

 2.1. The Use of Simple Past Tense

We use the past simple to talk about actions or situations in the past.

2.2. The Adverbs of time used

The adverbs of time used in this tense are Yesterday, last….., a week ago, this morning , last night, yesterday morning, yesterweek, yestermonth, yesteryear, etc.

2.3. The Patterns of Simple Past Tense 

Examples :
1. John saw a crocodile in the river yesterday.
2. We studied English here last week.
3. They played football in the field yesteryear

                                                     

3. PRESENT FUTURE TENSE

We often usew ill in this situation:

Offering to do something:

e.g. That bag looks heavy. I’ll help with it.

Agreeing and refusing to do something:

e.g. I’ve asked john to help me but he won’t

Promising to do something.

e.g. I will come to your house tonight. I promise.

Asking someone to do something.

Will you close the window,please! 

4. PRESENT TENSE

Present Tense is used to talk about something in general. And it is also used to talk

about something which is happened repeatedly or habituallly activities.

e.g. + The earth goes round the sun
- The earth doesn’t go round the sun
? Does the earth go round the sun ?

5. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

We use past continuous Tense to say that someone was in the middle of doing

something at a certain time. The action or situation had already started before this

time but hadn’t finished:

This time last year I was living in Brazil

We often use the past continuous Tense and the past simple together to say that

something happened in the middle of something else:

When I was working in the garden, I hurt my back

6. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

We often use the present perfect Tense to give new information or to announce

recent happening:

e.g. Do you know about Mary ? She’s gone to Jakarta. 

7. PAST PERFECT TENSE

We use the Past perfect to say that something had already happened before this

time :

Example :

- When I arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home

- When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my flat and had

stolen my fur coat.

- George didn’t want to come to the cinema with us because he had already

seen the film twice.

- It was my first time in an aeroplane. I was very nervous because I hadn’t

flown before

8. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + have/has + been + verb 4…………etc S + haven’t/hasn’t + been + verb 4……etc Have/has + S + been + verb 4……….etc ? QW + have/has + S + been + verb 4…etc ?

Example :

-Pelajar pelajartengah menyanyi sejak pagi ini

+ The students have been singing since this morning
- The students haven’t been singing since this morning
? Have the students been singing since this morning ?

9. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + had been + verb 4…………when S + V2
S + hadn’t been + Verb 4……… when S + V2
Had + S + been + verb 4…………
QW + had + S + been + verb 4……… when S + V2 ?
when S + V2 ?

Example :

-Merekatengah mengerjakan PR ketika saya datang kemarin

+ They had been doing the homework when I came yesterday
- They hadn’t been doing the homework when I came yesterday
? Had they been doing the homework when I came yesterday ?

10. PRESENT FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + will be + Verb 4 + O + at…………..o’clock
S + won’t be + Verb 4 + O + at………..o’clock
Will + S + be + Verb 4 + O + at……….o’clock ?
QW + will + S + be +Verb 4…………o’clock ?

Example :

-Kamu sedang akan pergi ke sekolah pukul 7 besok pagi

+ You will be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning
- You won’t be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning
? Will you be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning ?

11. PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

S + will have + verb 3 + ……….by the end……
S + won’t have + Verb 3 + ………..by the end….
Will + S + have + Verb 3 + ………by the end…. ?
QW + will + S + have +Verb 3 +…………by the end… ?

Example :

-Kita sudah akan tiba di Jakarta besok sore.

+ We will have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon
- We won’t have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon
? Will we have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon ?

12. PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + will have been + verb 4………since……….
S + won’t have been + verb 4…….since……….
Will + S + have been + verb 4……since……….?
QW + will + S + have been + verb 4….since…..?

Example :

-Mereka tengah akan belajarsejak pagi besok

+ They will have been studying since this morning
- They won’t have been studying since this morning
? Will they have been studying since this morning ?

13. PAST FUTURE TENSE

S + would + V1…IF + S + verb 2………….etc
S + wouldn’t + verb 1….+ object…………..etc
Would + S + verb 1 ….+ object ……….…..etc ?

Example :

1. Saya akan datang ANDAIKATA kamu mengundang saya

I would come if you invited me

2. Tom akan melakukan perjalanan JIKAdia punya uang

Tom would travel if he had more money

14. PAST FUTURE CINTINUOUS TENSE

S + would be + Verb 4……when S + verb 2……….etc
S + wouldn’t + be + verb 4….when S + verb 2………etc
Would + S + be + verb 4 ….. when S + verb 2……etc ?

Example :

-Sedianyamer eka sedang akan pulang KETIKA kami datang

+ They would be going home when we came
- They wouldn’t be going home when we came
? Would they be going home when we came ?

15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

S + would have + verb 3…..IF + S + had + verb 3…….
S + wouldn’t have + verb 3 ……object………..etc
Would + S + have + verb 3 …….object………..etc ?

Example :

-Ia sudah akan menjadi presiden ANDAIKATA partainya menang dalam

pemilihan umum.

- He would have become a presiden if his party had won in general election  

 

16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + would have + been + verb 4…..IF + S + had + verb 3…….
S + wouldn’t have been + verb 4…….object…………etc
Would + S + have been + verb 4.. …….object………..etc ?

Example :

-Sedianyarapat tengah akan dimulai sejak pagi ANDAIKATA walikota

sudah datang tepat pada waktunya

- The meeting would have been starting since this morning if Mayor had come

on time.

http://www.scribd.com/doc/15803659/16-tenses-in-English

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